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@ -0,0 +1,448 @@
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Иногда требуется создать несколько ресурсов, которые будут отличаться незначительными изменениями (например, имя).
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В terraform имеются специальные мета-аргументы, которые позволяют описать данную инфраструктуру максимально быстро, избегая повторений блоков.
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Однако, при таком подходе стоит учитывать то, что созданная при помощи такого подхода инфраструктура является неким "монолитом" и любые изменения будут применятся для всех ресурсов, которые были созданы с помощью мета аргументов.
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__ВНИМАНИЕ: СОЗДАННЫЕ ТАКИМ ОБРАЗОМ РЕСУРСЫ, УПРАВЛЯЮТСЯ КАК ОДИН РЕСУРС__
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## Создание дисков. Обычный вариант
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Предположим, что необходимо создать несколько дисков, которые будут иметь одинаковые поля, а отличаться только именем.
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Тогда, будут использованы несколько блоков resource с описанием данных ресурсов:
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```terraform
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resource "dynamix_disk" "disk1" {
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account_id = 777
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disk_name = "disk-1"
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size_max = 10
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gid = 212
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}
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resource "dynamix_disk" "disk2" {
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account_id = 777
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disk_name = "disk-2"
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size_max = 10
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gid = 212
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}
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```
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Все блоки повторяются и отличаются только именем. Если не планируется изменение каждого ресурса по-отдельности, то можно вынести имена дисков в отдельную переменную, и считывать их из нее.
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## Рефакторинг
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Вынесем значения имен дисков в блок locals:
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```terraform
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locals {
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disk_names = [
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"disk-1",
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"disk-2",
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]
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}
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resource "dynamix_disk" "disk1" {
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account_id = 777
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disk_name = "disk-1"
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size_max = 10
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gid = 212
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}
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resource "dynamix_disk" "disk2" {
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account_id = 777
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disk_name = "disk-2"
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size_max = 10
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gid = 212
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}
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```
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Оставшиеся блоки resource идентичны друг другу, за исключением наименования ресурса, поэтому, их создание и работу с ними можно объединить.
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## Мета аргумент for_each
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Мета аргумент for_each служит для итерации по набору (set) строки, либо по мапе (map, object). Результатом работы этого мета аргумента станет так же объект, ключами которого будут либо строки, входящие в набор, либо параметры, указанные при итерировании объекта.
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Мета аргумент for_each предоставляет переменную each, в которую, при каждой итерации будут ключи (если итерация идет по набору строк), либо ключи и соответствующие им значения, если итерация идет по объекту.
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Обратиться к ним можно через символ ".", например:
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```terraform
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each.key
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each.value
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```
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Таким образом, конфигурирование одинаковых ресурсов сократится до одного.
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При добавлении в код выше, получится:
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```terraform
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locals {
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disk_names = [
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"disk-1",
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"disk-2",
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]
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}
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#обратите внимание, что ресурс был переименован
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resource "dynamix_disk" "disks" {
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#преобразование массива к набору строк для успешной работы for_each
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for_each = toset(local.disk_names)
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account_id = 777
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#получение имени диска из переменной each
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disk_name = each.key
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size_max = 10
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gid = 212
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}
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#блок output демонстрирует вывод работы на экран
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output "test" {
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value = dynamix_disk.disks
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}
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```
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При выполнении данной конфигурации в terraform output будет следующее:
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```
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Changes to Outputs:
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+ test = {
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+ disk-1 = {
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+ account_id = 777
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+ account_name = (known after apply)
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+ acl = (known after apply)
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+ boot_partition = (known after apply)
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+ compute_id = (known after apply)
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+ compute_name = (known after apply)
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+ created_time = (known after apply)
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+ deleted_time = (known after apply)
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+ desc = (known after apply)
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+ destruction_time = (known after apply)
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+ detach = false
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+ devicename = (known after apply)
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+ disk_id = (known after apply)
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+ disk_name = "disk-1"
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+ disk_path = (known after apply)
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+ gid = 212
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+ guid = (known after apply)
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+ id = (known after apply)
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+ image_id = (known after apply)
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+ images = (known after apply)
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+ iotune = (known after apply)
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+ iqn = (known after apply)
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+ login = (known after apply)
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+ milestones = (known after apply)
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+ order = (known after apply)
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+ params = (known after apply)
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+ parent_id = (known after apply)
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+ passwd = (known after apply)
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+ pci_slot = (known after apply)
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+ permanently = false
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+ pool = (known after apply)
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+ purge_attempts = (known after apply)
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+ purge_time = (known after apply)
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+ reality_device_number = (known after apply)
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+ reference_id = (known after apply)
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+ res_id = (known after apply)
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+ res_name = (known after apply)
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+ restore = false
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+ role = (known after apply)
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+ sep_id = (known after apply)
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+ sep_type = (known after apply)
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+ size_max = 10
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+ size_used = (known after apply)
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+ snapshots = (known after apply)
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+ status = (known after apply)
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+ tech_status = (known after apply)
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+ timeouts = null
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+ type = (known after apply)
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+ vmid = (known after apply)
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}
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+ disk-2 = {
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+ account_id = 777
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+ account_name = (known after apply)
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+ acl = (known after apply)
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+ boot_partition = (known after apply)
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+ compute_id = (known after apply)
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+ compute_name = (known after apply)
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+ created_time = (known after apply)
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+ deleted_time = (known after apply)
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+ desc = (known after apply)
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+ destruction_time = (known after apply)
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+ detach = false
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+ devicename = (known after apply)
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+ disk_id = (known after apply)
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+ disk_name = "disk-2"
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+ disk_path = (known after apply)
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+ gid = 212
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+ guid = (known after apply)
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+ id = (known after apply)
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+ image_id = (known after apply)
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+ images = (known after apply)
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+ iotune = (known after apply)
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+ iqn = (known after apply)
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+ login = (known after apply)
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+ milestones = (known after apply)
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+ order = (known after apply)
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+ params = (known after apply)
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+ parent_id = (known after apply)
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+ passwd = (known after apply)
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+ pci_slot = (known after apply)
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+ permanently = false
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+ pool = (known after apply)
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+ purge_attempts = (known after apply)
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+ purge_time = (known after apply)
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+ reality_device_number = (known after apply)
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+ reference_id = (known after apply)
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+ res_id = (known after apply)
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+ res_name = (known after apply)
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+ restore = false
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+ role = (known after apply)
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+ sep_id = (known after apply)
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+ sep_type = (known after apply)
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+ size_max = 10
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+ size_used = (known after apply)
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+ snapshots = (known after apply)
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+ status = (known after apply)
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+ tech_status = (known after apply)
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+ timeouts = null
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+ type = (known after apply)
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+ vmid = (known after apply)
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}
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}
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```
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После подтверждения команды, будет создан файл состояния инфраструктуры, в который запишутся данные.
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### Обращение к конфигурации, созданной с помощью for_each
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Получить доступ к ресурсам, созданным с помощью for_each можно по сл. схеме:
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```
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<resource_type>.<resource_name>["<key>"]
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```
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Пример получения доступа к ресурсу disk-2:
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```
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dynamix_disk.disks["disk-2"]
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```
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Чтобы получить доступ к полям, которые содержит ресурс:
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```
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<resource_type>.<resource_name>["<key>"].<field_name>
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```
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Например, для получения account_id для disk-2:
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```
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dynamix_disk.disks["disk-2"].account_id
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```
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### Использование for_each для более сложной конфигурации
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Иногда, необходимо объединить несколько ресурсов с разной конфигурацией в один ресурс, с помощью for_each. Для того, чтобы это сделать, необходимо воспользоваться функцией for для перебора информации о каждом ресурсе, в котором так же необходимо указать какое из полей будет указывать на определенный ресурс.
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Рассмотрим более сложный пример создания нескольких дисков:
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```terraform
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#создание массива из объектов, описывающих инфраструктуру
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locals {
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disks = [
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{
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account_id = 777
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diskname = "test-disk"
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disk2_gb = 100
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gid = 212
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},
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{
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account_id = 778
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diskname = "test-disk-1"
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disk2_gb = 200
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gid = 213
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}
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]
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}
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resource "dynamix_disk" "disks" {
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#цикл for проходит по каждому элементы списка, превращая его в объект, где
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#ключом будет - имя диска
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#знаяением - сам диск
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for_each = { for disk in local.disks : disk.diskname => disk }
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#получение account_id каждого диска
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account_id = each.value.account_id
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#шаблон задания имени диска
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#так же, если не надо вносить изменения, можно использовать:
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#disk_name = each.value.diskname
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disk_name = "${each.value.diskname}-data"
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#получение размера диска
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size_max = each.value.disk2_gb
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#получение gid диска
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gid = each.value.gid
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}
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```
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Таким образом, будут созданы ресурсы с разной конфигурацией.
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## Мета аргумент count
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Мета аргумент count так же служит для множественного создания ресурсов, объединяя их в один, с тем лишь исключением, что это будет массив, а не объект.
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Аргумент count принимает на вход либо число, либо выражение, которое возвращает число.
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Число - количество итерацией, которые предстоит произвести.
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Например:
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```terraform
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count = 3
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count = length(some_data)
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```
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Рассмотрим пример:
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```terraform
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#без изменений
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locals {
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disk_names = [
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"disk-1",
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"disk-2",
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]
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}
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#без изменений, ресурс так же называется - "disks"
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resource "dynamix_disk" "disks" {
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#Используется функция length для подсчета длины списка имен дисков
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count = length(local.disk_names)
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account_id = 777
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#аргумент count имеет поле index, которое возвращает индекс(счетчик) текущей итерации
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|
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disk_name = local.disk_names[count.index]
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size_max = 10
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gid = 212
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}
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output "test" {
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value = dynamix_disk.disks
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|
}
|
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|
|
|
```
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|
При выполнении данной конфигурации в terraform output будет следующее:
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|
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|
```
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|
|
Changes to Outputs:
|
|
|
|
|
+ test = [
|
|
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|
|
+ {
|
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|
|
|
+ account_id = 777
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|
|
|
|
+ account_name = (known after apply)
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|
|
|
+ acl = (known after apply)
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|
|
|
|
+ boot_partition = (known after apply)
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|
|
|
|
+ compute_id = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ compute_name = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ created_time = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ deleted_time = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ desc = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ destruction_time = (known after apply)
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|
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|
+ detach = false
|
|
|
|
|
+ devicename = (known after apply)
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|
|
|
+ disk_id = (known after apply)
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|
|
|
+ disk_name = "disk-1"
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|
|
|
|
+ disk_path = (known after apply)
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|
|
|
+ gid = 212
|
|
|
|
|
+ guid = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ id = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ image_id = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ images = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ iotune = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ iqn = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ login = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ milestones = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ order = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ params = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ parent_id = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ passwd = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ pci_slot = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ permanently = false
|
|
|
|
|
+ pool = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ purge_attempts = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ purge_time = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ reality_device_number = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ reference_id = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ res_id = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ res_name = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ restore = false
|
|
|
|
|
+ role = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ sep_id = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ sep_type = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ size_max = 10
|
|
|
|
|
+ size_used = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ snapshots = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ status = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ tech_status = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ timeouts = null
|
|
|
|
|
+ type = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ vmid = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
},
|
|
|
|
|
+ {
|
|
|
|
|
+ account_id = 777
|
|
|
|
|
+ account_name = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ acl = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ boot_partition = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ compute_id = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ compute_name = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ created_time = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ deleted_time = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ desc = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ destruction_time = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ detach = false
|
|
|
|
|
+ devicename = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ disk_id = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ disk_name = "disk-2"
|
|
|
|
|
+ disk_path = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ gid = 212
|
|
|
|
|
+ guid = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ id = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ image_id = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ images = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ iotune = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ iqn = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ login = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ milestones = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ order = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ params = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ parent_id = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ passwd = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ pci_slot = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ permanently = false
|
|
|
|
|
+ pool = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ purge_attempts = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ purge_time = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ reality_device_number = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ reference_id = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ res_id = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ res_name = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ restore = false
|
|
|
|
|
+ role = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ sep_id = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ sep_type = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ size_max = 10
|
|
|
|
|
+ size_used = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ snapshots = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ status = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ tech_status = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ timeouts = null
|
|
|
|
|
+ type = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
+ vmid = (known after apply)
|
|
|
|
|
},
|
|
|
|
|
]
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Обращение к конфигурации, созданной с помощью сount
|
|
|
|
|
Получить доступ к ресурсам, созданным с помощью count можно по сл. схеме:
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
<resource_type>.<resource_name>[<index>]
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
Пример получения доступа к ресурсу disk-2:
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
dynamix_disk.disks[1]
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
Чтобы получить доступ к полям, которые содержит ресурс:
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
<resource_type>.<resource_name>[<index>].<field_name>
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
Например, для получения account_id для disk-2:
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
dynamix_disk.disks[1].account_id
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
### Использование count для более сложной конфигурации
|
|
|
|
|
Иногда, необходимо объединить несколько ресурсов с разной конфигурацией в один ресурс, с помощью count. Для того, чтобы это сделать, необходимо воспользоваться функцией length для установления длины входящих параметров. После чего, обращаться к ним, получая значения, используя индекс.
|
|
|
|
|
Рассмотрим более сложный пример создания нескольких дисков:
|
|
|
|
|
```terraform
|
|
|
|
|
#создание массива из объектов, описывающих инфраструктуру
|
|
|
|
|
locals {
|
|
|
|
|
disks = [
|
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
|
|
|
account_id = 777
|
|
|
|
|
diskname = "test-disk"
|
|
|
|
|
disk2_gb = 100
|
|
|
|
|
gid = 212
|
|
|
|
|
},
|
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
|
|
|
account_id = 778
|
|
|
|
|
diskname = "test-disk-1"
|
|
|
|
|
disk2_gb = 200
|
|
|
|
|
gid = 213
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
]
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
resource "dynamix_disk" "disks" {
|
|
|
|
|
#получение значения длины входящих параметров
|
|
|
|
|
count = length(local.disks)
|
|
|
|
|
#получение идентификатора аккаунта
|
|
|
|
|
account_id = local.disks[count.index].account_id
|
|
|
|
|
#получение имени диска
|
|
|
|
|
disk_name = "${local.disks[count.index].diskname}-data"
|
|
|
|
|
#получение размера диска
|
|
|
|
|
size_max = local.disks[count.index].disk2_gb
|
|
|
|
|
#получение gid
|
|
|
|
|
gid = local.disks[count.index].gid
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
Таким образом, будут созданы ресурсы, с разной конфигурацией.
|
Алексей Фетисов